【英语语法】考试必考的分词构句，这样理解保证不再搞混！ （下）
文/ 尹宜蓁
校对/ Westia Sun
简单来说，分词构句就是 "减化版的副词从句" 。
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为什么要减化？
其实它只是一种修辞，为了美化句子而已～
怎么减化？
| Step1 | 找到副词从句，并把连接词去掉*（*注：如果去掉连接词会造成前后语意模糊，则不建议去除） |
| Step2 | 若副词从句的主语 ＝ 主要从句的主语，则去掉副词从句的主语若副词从句的主语 ≠ 主要从句的主语，则保留副词从句的主语（独立分词构句） |
| Step3 | 若副词从句为主动，把动词改为 V-ing（如果改完是 being 也可省略）若副词从句为被动，则去掉 be 动词 |
为了帮助理解，小编整理了接下来的范例供大家参考：
【范例１】
Because I overslept this morning, I was late for school.
Step 1. 找到副词从句，并把连接词去掉
>> Because I overslept this morning, I was late for school.
Step 2. 副词从句和主要从句的主语皆为 I，则可去掉副词从句中的 I
>> Because I overslept this morning, I was late for school.
Step 3. 副词从句为主动，把动词改为 V-ing
>> Oversleeping this morning, I was late for school.
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【范例２】
When he was taking a bath, he came up with a good idea.
Step 1. 找到副词从句，并把连接词去掉
>> When he was taking a bath, he came up with a good idea.
Step 2. 副词从句和主要从句的主语皆为 he，则可去掉副词从句中的 he
>> When he was taking a bath, he came up with a good idea.
Step 3. 副词从句为主动，把动词改为 V-ing
>> Being taking a bath, he came up with a good idea.
动词改为 V-ing 后是 being，being 可省略
>> Taking a bath, he came up with a good idea.
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【范例３】
After she was seated by the window, she started to read the menu.
Step 1. 若将连接词 after 去掉，两动作的前后关系不清楚，因此保留 after
Step 2. 副词从句和主要从句的主语皆为 she，则可去掉副词从句中的 she
>> After she was seated by the window, she started to read the menu.
Step 3. 副词从句为被动，去掉 be 动词
>> After seated by the window, she started to read the menu.
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【范例４（独立分词构句）】
As the pandemic broke out, the streets became empty.
Step 1. 找到副词从句，并把连接词去掉
>> As the pandemic broke out, the streets became empty.
Step 2. 副词从句的主语是 the pandemic，主要从句的主语是 the street，两者不一样，所以都要保留
Step 3. 副词从句为主动，把动词改为 V-ing
>> The pandemic breaking out, the streets became empty.
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除了副词从句外，and 所引导的从句有时也会被减化为分词构句，
减化方式和副词从句一样，
接下来的范例 5 就是以 and 从句减化的分词构句：
【范例５】
He went to a convenience store, and he bought a bottle of water.
Step 1. 找到 and 从句，并把连接词 and 去掉
>> He went to a convenience store, and he bought a bottle of water.
Step 2. and 从句和主要从句的主语皆为 he，则可去掉 and 从句中的 he
>> He went to a convenience store, and he bought a bottle of water.
Step 3. and 从句为主动，把动词改为 V-ing
>> He went to a convenience store, buying a bottle of water.
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分词构句要判断的细节比较多，
不过它的大原则就是 "在语意清楚的情况下删减文字" 。
分词构句用于写作时，能精简语句又增添亮点，
但一篇文章出现一到两次就好，
不然一样的梗玩太多次，就有失增添亮点的效果啰～
最后，恭喜各位正式成为分词构句大师！
